エピタロン（別名Epithalon）に密接に関連する短いペプチドであるLivagenは、免疫系、GI路、および肝臓への影響で知られています。ペプチドバイオリーグレーターとして、リバゲンはDNAおよび遺伝子発現パターンに直接的な影響を及ぼします。その主張されたアンチエイジング特性は、年齢とのDNA凝縮の結果として沈黙するGIトラクトと免疫系の遺伝子を活性化するリバゲンの能力に起因すると考えられています。

Amino Acid Sequence: Lys-Glu-Asp-Ala Molecular Formula: C₁₈h₃₁n₅o₉ Molecular Weight: 461.5 g/mol PubChem CID: 87919683 CAS No: 195875-84-4 (Deprecated: 402856-42-2) Alternative Names: SCHEMBL5967826 Source: PubChem

DNA is contained within the nucleus of eukaryotes, like humans, in a hierarchy of ever more condensed organization that takes the roughly 3 feet of DNA that is contained within a human cell and packages it to fit within the space of one hundredth of a millimeter. In other words, the packaging of DNA reduces its overall size by about 100,000 times. The double helix of DNA is wrapped around proteins, called histones, which themselves conglomerate to form chromatin structure, which further condenses to form chromosomes. This progressive organization of DNA serves several purposes including condensing the genetic material for replication and cell division, condensing the genetic material so that it fits within cells, and controlling expression of genes at a very high level. In other words, DNA organization is all about packaging the genetic material and about controlling access to specific genes[1]. The latter function of chromatin, controlling gene expression, Source: NIH（アメリカ国立衛生研究所） Research in older adults suggests that Livagen activates a number of genes in the lymphocytes of older people by inducing the decondensation (unpacking) of chromatin. This results in the activation of genes that are otherwise silent in older adults including ribosomal genes responsible, indirectly, for robust protein production and enhanced cell activity[2]. This information suggests that Livagen has a direct effect on the DNA within lymphocytes, which are a primary cell of the immune system. Research looking that the end-points of Livagen, Epitalon, and Vilon administration in elderly individuals shows that Livagen has four different effects in lymphocytes including • activating synthetic processes by reactivating ribosomal genes, • unpacking chromatin, • altering gene expression, and • inducing decondensation. All of these effects lead to reactivation of chromatin that is silenced as we age[3]. Though long-term effects have not been studied, there is the belief among researchers that this resets lymphocytes to a more “youthful” state. Lymphocytes are a class of white blood cell that contains B cells and T cells. B cells produce antibodies  against foreign invaders while T cells destroy cells of the body that are either infected with an invading organism or have become cancerous. T cells also produce cytokines, which are chemical signals that coordinate immune responses and control inflammation in the body[4]. In other words, lymphocytes are among the most important cells of the immune system. Their decline in activity with age may be at least part of the explanation for why we become more susceptible to all varieties of disease and illness as we age. The ability to reset these cells to a more youthful state could help to ward off infection and cancer.

リバゲンと心

Lymphocytes play an active role in cardiac health, so it was natural for researchers to wonder what effects Livagen might have on the heart. Research in patients with hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM) suggests that dysregulation of chromatin structure in lymphocytes is a pathogenic feature in HCM and atherosclerosis that, if correct, may improve long-term outcomes[5]. Several studies suggest that release of genes via decondensation of chromatin in lymphocytes may help to reduce long-term sequelae from various forms of heart disease[6]. Of course, this is precisely what Livagen does and so there has been a great deal of research in this area[7], [8]. Changes to lymphocyte gene expression may help to reduce inflammation and the scarring that it leads to in individuals with HCM. Livagen may also be useful for preventing the onset of HCM in those who are genetically predisposed to the condition as well as following heart attack or other cardiac injury. Livagen may provide the basis for advanced preventative strategies that will reduce the overall morbidity and mortality associated with heart disease.

リバゲンと痛み

Enkephalins are short peptides that the body uses to signal pain. They bind to both mu and delta opioid receptors. Mu receptors, which bind morphine, cause a reduction in pain, blood pressure, and consciousness when activated. Delta receptor activation leads to reduced pain perception and may account for the respiratory depression seen with opiates. Work on bioregulatory peptides shows that Livagen inhibits the activity of enkephalin-degrading enzymes in the blood, thereby increasing levels of natural pain killers in the body[9]. Naturally, this suggests that Livagen may be an effective treatment for pain. There is ongoing research to determine how well it controls pain, what the side effects of enhanced enkephalin levels are, and whether there is any addictive potential as there is with opioids like Oxycontin.

リバゲンと消化管

新しい研究では、私とデルタ受容体の両方が、活性化されると、消化管の粘膜障壁を保護する上で重要な役割を果たすことが示唆されています。この設定でのリバゲンの正味の結果は、粘膜酸化窒素とプロスタグランジンの両方の消化管と変化したレベルへの迷走神経シグナル伝達の増加です[10]。これは、感染性下痢の治療から炎症性腸疾患の症状と長期的な結果を減らすことまで、あらゆるものに役立つ可能性のある重度の胃保護につながります。血流中のエンケファリンのレベルを高めることによりこれらの受容体の活性化を強化する能力を考えると、Livagenが消化管のさまざまな障害の潜在的な治療と見なされていることは驚くことではありません。

リバゲンと老化

今までに明らかなはずだということは、老化の効果の多くは、DNAの組織化方法の変化の結果であり、したがって、アクセスして発現できる遺伝子のタイプの結果であるということです。これらの変化は、老化におけるクロマチンの変化に関する主要な権限による研究で詳述されている、テムラズ・レズハバ教授。彼の研究は、染色体異常のレベルが年齢とともに増加することを示しています。これらの異常には、クロマチンの進行性凝縮（これがDNAの不活性化の増加と考えている）と修復プロセスの減少（凝縮から生じる不活性化に続発）[11]。凝縮のプロセスを逆転させることは、実際、寿命を延ばす効果的な手段である可能性があることを示唆する良い証拠があります。結局のところ、遺伝子をサイレンシングすると徐々に高速な老化につながる場合、それらの遺伝子を再活性化することでプロセスが遅くなるはずです。 Lezhavas博士の研究は、Livagen、Epitalon、および他の少数の生体調節ペプチドがDNAを脱接することによりこのプロセスに影響を与えることをすでに知っていることを示しています[12]。彼の研究は、これらのペプチドが実際には、特に免疫調節不全とタンパク質合成の減少に関連するため、年齢とともに発生する機能障害のいくつかを阻止するのに役立つと信じる正当な理由があることを示しています。

リバゲンの概要

Livagen is a short bioregulatory peptide that has direct effects on DNA structure and function. It is best known for its ability to decondense chromatin, thereby increasing the expression of certain genes and improving the “youthful” profile of cells. Its most studied effects are on lymphocytes of the immune system. Through these cells, Livagen helps to activate the immune system and offset disease in the heart, GI tract, immune system, and central nervous system. Livagen even shows promise in the area of nociception and pain control. Ongoing research will help to further unravel the promise of Livagen and bring humanity closer to understanding the processes of aging and senescence. Livagen exhibits minimal side effects, low oral and excellent subcutaneous bioavailability in mice. Per kg dosage in mice does not scale to humans. Livagen for sale at

The above literature was researched, edited and organized by Dr. E. Logan, M.D. Dr. E. Logan holds a doctorate degree from Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine and a B.S. in molecular biology.

ウラジミール・ハビンソン is a Professor, President of the European region of the International Association of Gerontology and Geriatrics; Member of the 医学科学のロシア語とウクライナのアカデミー; Main gerontologist of the Health Committee of the Government of Saint Petersburg, Russia; Director of the Saint Petersburg Institute of Bioregulation and Gerontology; Vice-president of Gerontological Society of the ロシア科学アカデミー; Head of the Chair of Gerontology and Geriatrics of the North-Western State Medical University, St-Petersburg; Colonel of medical service (USSR, Russia), retired. Vladimir Khavinson is known for the discovery, experimental and clinical studies of new classes of ペプチド bioregulators as well as for the development of bioregulating peptide therapy. He is engaged in studying of the role of peptides in regulation of the mechanisms of ageing. His main field of actions is design, pre-clinical and clinical studies of new peptide ゼロゲロテクター. A 40-year-long investigation resulted in a multitude of methods of application of peptide bioregulators to slow down the process of ageing and increase human life span. Six peptide-based pharmaceuticals and 64 peptide food supplements have been introduced into clinical practice by V. Khavinson. He is an author of 196 patents (Russian and international) as well as of 775 scientific publications. His major achievements are presented in two books: “Peptides and Ageing” (NEL, 2002) and “Gerontological aspects of genome peptide regulation” (Karger AG, 2005). Vladimir Khavinson introduced scientific specialty “Gerontology and Geriatrics” in the Russian Federation on the governmental level. Academic Council headed by V. Khavinson has oversighted over 200 Ph.D. and Doctorate theses from many different countries. Prof. Vladimir Khavinson is being referenced as one of the leading scientists involved in the research and development of Livagen. In no way is this doctor/scientist endorsing or advocating the purchase, sale, or use of this product for any reason. There is no affiliation or relationship, implied or otherwise, between

1. “Chromatin,” Genome.gov。 https://www.genome.gov/genetics-glossary/chromatin（2022年2月5日アクセス）。
2. V. Kh. Khavinson et al., “Effects of Livagen Peptide on Chromatin Activation in Lymphocytes from Old People,” Bull. Exp. Biol. Med.、Vol。 134、いいえ。 4、pp。389–392、2002年10月、doi：10.1023/a：1021924702103。
3. T. Lezhava, J. Monaselidze, T. Kadotani, N. Dvalishvili, and T. Buadze, “Anti-aging peptide bioregulators induce reactivation of chromatin,” Georgian Med. News、 いいえ。 133、pp。111–115、2006年4月。
4. “Lymphocyte,” Genome.gov。 https://www.genome.gov/genetics-glossary/lymphocyte（2022年2月5日アクセス）。
5. T. A. Dzhokhadze, T. Z. Buadze, M. N. Gaiozishvili, N. G. Kakauridze, and T. A. Lezhava, “[Genomic instability in atherosclerosis],” Georgian Med. News、 近い。 236、pp。 82-86、2014年11月。
6. T. Lezhava and T. Jokhadze, “Activation of pericentromeric and telomeric heterochromatin in cultured lymphocytes from old individuals,” Ann. N. Y. Acad. Sci.、Vol。 1100、pp。387–399、2007年4月、doi：10.1196/annals.1395.043。
7. “[Effect of peptide bioregulator and cobalt ions on the activity of NORs and associations of acrocentric chromosomes in lymphocytes of patients with hypertrophic cardiomyopathy and their relatives],” Georgian Med. News、 いいえ。 234、pp。134–137、2014年9月。
8. T. A. Dzhokhadze, T. Z. Buadze, M. N. Gaĭozishvili, M. A. Rogava, and T. A. Lazhava, “[Functional regulation of genome with peptide bioregulators by hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (by patients and relatives)],” Georgian Med. News、 いいえ。 225、pp。94–97、2013年12月。
9. N. V. Kost, O. I. Sokolov, M. V. Gabaeva, I. A. Zolotarev, V. V. Malinin, and V. K. Khavinson, “[Effect of new peptide bioregulators livagen and epitalon on enkephalin-degrading enzymes in human serum],” Izv. Akad. Nauk. Ser. Biol., no. 4, pp. 427–429, Aug. 2003.
10. K. Gyires and A. Z. Rónai, “Supraspinal delta- and mu-opioid receptors mediate gastric mucosal protection in the rat,” J. Pharmacol. Exp. Ther.、Vol。 297、いいえ。 3、pp。1010–1015、2001年6月。
11. T. A. Lezhava, “[Human chromosome functional characteristics and aging],” Adv. Gerontol. Uspekhi Gerontol.、Vol。 8、pp。34–43、2001。
12. V. K. Khavinson et al., “Peptide Epitalon activates chromatin at the old age,” Neuro Endocrinol. Lett.、Vol。 24、いいえ。 5、pp。329–333、2003年10月。

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