
Categories: IGF-1 Proteins
Sequence: MFPAMP LSSLF VNGPR TLCGA ELVDALOFVC GDRGF YFNKP TGYGS SSRRA POTGIVDECCFR SCDLRR LEMY CAPLK PAKSAMolar Mass: 9.111 Da
Synonyms:Long Arg3 lGF-1(Receptor Grade)
Long R3 IGF-1, Receptor Grade
IGFB Binding andThe increasedBiological Activityof Long R3 IGF-1
By resisting lGFBP-binding, IGF-1 LR3 has a greater effect than lGF-1. The longerduration of action allows for smaller amounts to be used with the same effects. SomeIGF-1 derivatives, such as the GPE derivative, made up of just the last three N-terminalamino acids of the lGF-1 protein, have been shown to have therapeutic effects inneurological injuries like stroke. Most studies concerning the effects of IGF-1 derivativeshave been carried out in non-human animal models or cell culture studies.
Insulin Like GrowthFactor Receptornteractions
IGF-1 binds to at least two cell surface receptors: lGF-1R and the insulin receptor. TheIGF-1 receptor is referred to as the “physiologic” receptor because lGF-1 binds to it withsignificantly higher affinity (approximately 100 times higher) than it does to the insulinreceptor. By binding to IGF-1R, IGF-1 can affect metabolism, cell growth (hypertrophy),differentiation and cell division (hyperplasia), prevention of cell death (apoptosis), normaldevelopment, and even malignant growth. lGF-1R has been implicated in severaldifferent types of cancer include breast, prostate, and lung cancer. lGF-1 also binds to theinsulin receptor and activates it, thereby encouraging cells to take up glucose from theblood stream. The effects of lGF-1 on muscle cells are three-fold. Firstly, IGF-1encourages hyperplasia, or an increase in the number of muscle cells. Secondly, IGF-1has a strong effect on skeletal muscle – In regards to the life span of satellite cells.Satellite cells support muscle cells, providing them with needed nutrients and helpingthem to operate efficiently. By increasing the lifespan of these cells, lGF-1 helps toincrease their number with muscle tissue. Finally, IGF-1 encourages differentiation ofmyoblasts, which is to say that it encourages the conversion of stem cell progeny fromnonspecific pluripotent stem cells into dedicated muscle tissue. In this way, IGF-1increases the rate of muscle development by increasing the rate at which generic stemcells are converted to muscle cells.
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