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Selank 10mg

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Selankadalah analog sintetis yang pendek dari tuftsin. Ini memiliki sifat anti-kecemasan yang mendalam. Selank juga meningkatkan ingatan dan pembelajaran dan telah terbukti memiliki efek menguntungkan pada persepsi nyeri.
Penggunaan Produk:Produk ini dimaksudkan sebagai bahan kimia penelitian saja.Penunjukan ini memungkinkan penggunaan bahan kimia penelitian secara ketat hanya untuk pengujian in vitro dan eksperimen laboratorium saja. Semua informasi produk yang tersedia di situs web ini hanya untuk tujuan pendidikan. Pengenalan tubuh dalam bentuk apa pun ke dalam manusia atau hewan dilarang secara ketat oleh hukum. Produk ini hanya boleh ditangani oleh profesional berlisensi dan berkualifikasi. Produk ini bukan obat, makanan, atau kosmetik dan mungkin tidak disalahgunakan, disalahgunakan, atau disesatkan sebagai obat, makanan atau kosmetik.

Ikhtisar Selank

Selank, which was developed in Russia, is a short peptide with nootropic and anxiolytic properties. It is a synthetic analogue of naturally occurring Tuftsin, an immunomodulatory peptide that modulates IL-6, T helper cells, monoamine neurotransmitters, and brain-derived neurotropic factor (BDNF). In fact, Selank and Tuftsin are essentially the same except that Selank has an additional four amino acids in its chain that help to improve metabolic stability and half-life. Selank has been tested in clinical trials as a potential treatment for generalized anxiety disorder.

Struktur selank

Selank Structure Urutan: Thr-lys-pro-arg-pro-gly-proFormula molekuler: C33H57N11HAI9 Berat molekul: 751.887 g/molPubchem CID: 11765600Nomor CAS: 129954-34-3Sinonim: Selanc Source:Pubch

Penelitian Selank

Efek kecemasan selank berdasarkan gen yang terkait dengan neurotransmitter GABA

Akreditasi untuk Dr. Anastasiya VolkovaInstitut Genetika Molekuler di Rusia, “numerous clinical studies have shown that Selank has strong antianxiety and neuroprotective effects in the treatment of anxiety. The clinical effects of Selank are similar to those of the classical antianxiety medications such as benzodiazepine, which are allosteric modulators of GABAA receptors and increase the inhibitory action of GABA.” Selank’s effects include reducing anxiety, improving mood, lower stress levels, and positively influencing memory and learning. Like benzodiazepines, low doses of Selank have a sedating effect. Unlike benzodiazepines, Selank does not appear to be habit-forming and does not lead to symptoms of withdrawal or amnesia. Research in rats shows that of the 84 genes known to be connected to GABA signaling in some way, seven are heavily modulated by Selank and 45 show some change in expression when the peptide is administered. Overall, 52 genes related to GABA signaling are affected by Selank to some degree. These results indicate that Selank can directly influence the expression of genes in nerve cells and that it likely produces effects by changing the affinity of the GABA receptor for GABA[1]. Perubahan afinitas reseptor ini kemungkinan menjelaskan mengapa Selank sinergis dengan benzodiazepin dan agonis reseptor GABA lainnya.Perubahan ekspresi gen sebagai fungsi waktu pada tikus yang diobati dengan selank.Changes in gene expression as a function of time in rats treated with Selank. Source:PubMedPenelitian pada tikus menunjukkan bahwa selank dan benzodiazepin, ketika digunakan sendiri, memiliki efek yang sama pada kecemasan, terutama gangguan kecemasan umum. Selank mungkin memiliki sedikit keunggulan dibandingkan benzodiazepin ketika mencoba mengurangi peningkatan kadar kecemasan, tetapi kombinasi dari dua perawatan tampaknya menjadi yang terbaik dalam mengobati stres ringan kronis yang tidak dapat diprediksi yang tidak dapat diprediksi[2]. The effects that Selank has on GABA receptors may be modulated, to some degree, by the peptide’s effect on enkephalin degradation. Testing indicates that people with anxiety and phobic disorders demonstrate increased enkephalinase activity in the blood during generalized anxiety and, as a result, the enkephalins they produce have shorter half-lives[3]. Dengan mencegah degradasi enkephalin melalui penghambatan enkephalinase, Selank mungkin mengatur ulang jalur enzimatik ini dan membantu melindungi peptida ansiolitik alami tubuh. Penelitian pada tikus yang rentan terhadap kecemasan mendukung hipotesis bahwa setidaknya sebagian dari dampak yang dimiliki Selank adalah akibat dari mencegah degradasi enkephalin[4].

Selank dan sistem kekebalan tubuh dalam kecemasan

Penelitian pada pasien dengan depresi menunjukkan bahwa Selank dapat menekan gen yang bertanggung jawab untuk produksi sitokin inflamasi IL-6. Menariknya, efek ini hanya terlihat pada pasien dengan depresi dan tampaknya tidak terjadi pada orang sehat[5]. This suggests that Selank may be useful in treating people with anxiety-asthenic disorders, severe disorders in which anxiety is associated with fatigue, headache, heart palpitations, high blood pressure, nerve pain, and depression. When comparing Selank to standard anxiolytic treatments, like benzodiazepines, the two treatments show similar benefits in reducing anxiety, but only Selank has any effect on asthenic symptoms like fatigue and pain[6]. Part of the effect is likely due to Selank’s ability to modulated IL-6 expression while part is likely due to the peptide’s ability to alter the rate of breakdown of the body’s natural pain killers, enkephalins. Testing of Selank in rats has revealed that the peptide regulates the expression of some 34 genes involved in the inflammatory process. These genes affect chemokines, cytokines, and receptors for both. In particular, Selank has been found to alter expression of BcI6, a gene that is heavily involved in the development of the immune system[7]. This study, more than any other, revealed that Selank has very complex biological effects, but may help to deepen our understanding of how the immune system develops. Selank and even fragments of Selank have been shown to temporarily alter gene expression for C3, CAsp1, Il2rf, and Xcr1 in the mouse spleen. By affecting these genes, Selank is able to alter the balance of the immune system and thereby modulate inflammation[8].

Penelitian selank dengan memori dan pembelajaran

There has long been an association between anxiety and learning/memory. The correlation is a negative one, with increased anxiety leading to decreased ability to recall memories or store new information. Traditional anxiety treatments can reduce this effect, as can Selank, but Selank appears to do more than simply reduce the impact of anxiety on cognitive function. There is good reason to believe that Selank actually boosts cognition directly. Research in rats trains with food rewards and injected with either saline or Selank has shown that Selank boosts memory trace stability and thus enhances the memory storage process[9]. It is important to note that this benefit was seen regardless of the anxiety levels of the rats, indicating that the peptide has effects beyond its ability to simply reduce stress-related impairment of memory. It appears that Selank may alter memory by affecting the expression of a number of genes in the hippocampus. Research in rats shows changes in mRNA levels of 36 different genes after intranasal administration of Selank. Most of the genes encode proteins associated with the plasma membrane and may therefore modulate ion-dependent processes in learning and memory[10]. Though much research needs to be done to understand the mechanism by which Selank works to improve memory and learning, this research offers a tantalizing early clue to suggest that it alters the way neurons function in such a way that both forming and accessing memories is easier. Research even suggests that Selank can help to rescue memory and learning following damage to the brain. Rats treated with a neurotoxin and then Selank showed restored cognitive processes in at least one study. This effect appears to be related to an artificial inhibition of the catecholamine system in the brain by Selank[11]. Ada beberapa harapan bahwa Selank akan membantu menjelaskan bagaimana fungsi kognitif dapat dipulihkan atau setidaknya ditingkatkan setelah cedera otak traumatis, terutama jenis cedera yang terjadi selama proses kelahiran.

Penelitian dan Nyeri Selank

Selank dapat bertindak untuk mengurangi degradasi enkephalin alami dengan menghambat enzim, ditemukan dalam darah manusia, yang memecahnya[12]. Enkephalins are natural peptides that bind to opioid receptors and help to blunt the severity of pain. They also function in the human stress response and are found in high levels in the brain and adrenal glands. By reducing levels of enkephalins in the brain, Selank may help to blunt the normal stress response and the effects that it has on memory, learning, and concentration. Selank exhibits minimal side effects, low oral and excellent subcutaneous bioavailability in mice. Per kg dosage in mice does not scale to humans. Selank for sale at Peptide Sciences is limited to educational and scientific research only, not for human consumption. Only buy Selank if you are a licensed researcher.

Penulis artikel

Literatur di atas diteliti, diedit dan diselenggarakan oleh Dr. Logan, M.D. Dr. Logan memegang gelar doktorCase Western Reserve University School of Medicinedan seorang B.S. dalam biologi molekuler.

Penulis Jurnal Ilmiah

Petr Slominsky‘s 169 research works with 803 citations. 12 of those papers pertain to the examination of Selank’s diverse, multifaceted effects e.g. anxiety reduction, changes in the transcription profile of the hippocampus, and changes in expression of the genes for chemokines, cytokines, and their receptors. Dr. Slominsky is particularly interested in the epigenetic effects of Selank and other disease-state pathologies. Dr. Petr Slominskyis being referenced as one of the leading scientists involved in the research and development of Selank. In no way is this doctor/scientist endorsing or advocating the purchase, sale, or use of this product for any reason. There is no affiliation or relationship, implied or otherwise, between Peptide Sciences and this doctor. The purpose of citing the doctor is to acknowledge, recognize, and credit the exhaustive research and development efforts conducted by the scientists studying this peptide.Dr. Petr Slominsky is listed in [7] under the referenced citations.

Kutipan yang direferensikan

    A. Volkova et al., “Selank Administration Affects the Expression of Some Genes Involved in GABAergic Neurotransmission,” Front. Pharmacol., vol. 7, Feb. 2016. [PubMed] A. Kasian et al., “Peptide Selank Enhances the Effect of Diazepam in Reducing Anxiety in Unpredictable Chronic Mild Stress Conditions in Rats,” Behavioural Neurology, 2017. [Online]. Available:https://www.hindawi.com/journals/bn/2017/5091027/. A. A. Zozulya et al., “The inhibitory effect of Selank on enkephalin-degrading enzymes as a possible mechanism of its anxiolytic activity,” Bull. Exp. Biol. Med., vol. 131, no. 4, pp. 315–317, Apr. 2001. [PubMed] O. Y. Sokolov, V. K. Meshavkin, N. V. Kost, and A. A. Zozulya, “Effects of Selank on behavioral reactions and activities of plasma enkephalin-degrading enzymes in mice with different phenotypes of emotional and stress reactions,” Bull. Exp. Biol. Med. [PubMed] O. N. Uchakina et al., “[Immunomodulatory effects of selank in patients with anxiety-asthenic disorders],” Zh. Nevrol. Psikhiatr. Im. S. S. Korsakova, vol. 108, no. 5, pp. 71–75, 2008. [PubMed] A. A. Zozulia et al., “[Efficacy and possible mechanisms of action of a new peptide anxiolytic selank in the therapy of generalized anxiety disorders and neurasthenia],” Zh. Nevrol. Psikhiatr. Im. S. S. Korsakova, vol. 108, no. 4, pp. 38–48, 2008. [PubMed] T. Kolomin, M. Shadrina, L. Andreeva, P. Slominsky, S. Limborska, and N. Myasoedov, “Expression of inflammation-related genes in mouse spleen under tuftsin analog Selank,” Regul. Pept., vol. 170, no. 1–3, pp. 18–23, Oct. 2011. [PubMed] T. I. Agapova et al., “[Effect of semax on the temporary dynamics of brain-derived neurotrophic factor and nerve growth factor gene expression in the rat hippocampus and frontal cortex],” Mol. Genet. Mikrobiol. Virusol., no. 3, pp. 28–32, 2008. [PubMed] T. P. Semenova, I. I. Kozlovskiĭ, N. M. Zakharova, and M. M. Kozlovskaia, “[Experimental optimization of learning and memory processes by selank],” Eksp. Klin. Farmakol., vol. 73, no. 8, pp. 2–5, Aug. 2010. [PubMed] T. A. Kolomin et al., “[c],” Zh. Vyssh. Nerv. Deiat. Im. I. P. Pavlova, vol. 63, no. 3, pp. 365–374, Jun. 2013. T. P. Semenova, M. M. Kozlovskaya, N. M. Zakharova, I. I. Kozlovskii, and A. V. Zuikov, “Effect of selank on cognitive processes after damage inflicted to the cerebral catecholamine system during early ontogeny,” Bull. Exp. Biol. Med., vol. 144, no. [PubMed] N. V. Kost et al., “[Semax and selank inhibit the enkephalin-degrading enzymes from human serum]],” Bioorg. Khim., vol. 27, no. 3, pp. 180–183, Jun. 2001. [Springer]
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