Selank, which was developed in Russia, is a short peptide with nootropic and anxiolytic properties. It is a synthetic analogue of naturally occurring Tuftsin, an immunomodulatory peptide that modulates IL-6, T helper cells, monoamine neurotransmitters, and brain-derived neurotropic factor (BDNF). In fact, Selank and Tuftsin are essentially the same except that Selank has an additional four amino acids in its chain that help to improve metabolic stability and half-life. Selank has been tested in clinical trials as a potential treatment for generalized anxiety disorder.

Sequence: Thr-lys-pro-arg-pro-gly-pro Molecular Formula: C₃₃H₅₇N₁₁O₉ Molecular Weight: 751.887 g/mol PubChem CID: 11765600 CAS Number: 129954-34-3 Synonyms: Selanc Source: PubChem

Effetti di ansia di Selank basati sui geni correlati al neurotrasmettitore GABA

According to Dr. Anastasiya Volkova of L'Istituto di genetica molecolare in Russia, “numerous clinical studies have shown that Selank has strong antianxiety and neuroprotective effects in the treatment of anxiety. The clinical effects of Selank are similar to those of the classical antianxiety medications such as benzodiazepine, which are allosteric modulators of GABAA receptors and increase the inhibitory action of GABA.” Selank’s effects include reducing anxiety, improving mood, lower stress levels, and positively influencing memory and learning. Like benzodiazepines, low doses of Selank have a sedating effect. Unlike benzodiazepines, Selank does not appear to be habit-forming and does not lead to symptoms of withdrawal or amnesia. Research in rats shows that of the 84 genes known to be connected to GABA signaling in some way, seven are heavily modulated by Selank and 45 show some change in expression when the peptide is administered. Overall, 52 genes related to GABA signaling are affected by Selank to some degree. These results indicate that Selank can directly influence the expression of genes in nerve cells and that it likely produces effects by changing the affinity of the GABA receptor for GABA^[1]. Questa alterazione dell'affinità del recettore probabilmente spiega perché Selank è sinergico con benzodiazepine e altri agonisti del recettore GABA. Changes in gene expression as a function of time in rats treated with Selank. Source: PubMed La ricerca sui ratti mostra che Selank e benzodiazepine, se usate da sole, hanno effetti simili sull'ansia, in particolare il disturbo d'ansia generalizzato. Selank può avere un leggero vantaggio rispetto alle benzodiazepine quando si tenta di ridurre i livelli elevati di ansia, ma una combinazione dei due trattamenti sembra essere la migliore nel trattamento di stress cronico imprevedibile^[2]. The effects that Selank has on GABA receptors may be modulated, to some degree, by the peptide’s effect on enkephalin degradation. Testing indicates that people with anxiety and phobic disorders demonstrate increased enkephalinase activity in the blood during generalized anxiety and, as a result, the enkephalins they produce have shorter half-lives^[3]. Prevenendo la degradazione delle enkefaline attraverso l'inibizione dell'enkefalinasi, Selank potrebbe ripristinare questo percorso enzimatico e contribuire a proteggere i peptidi ansiolitici naturali del corpo. La ricerca sui topi inclini all'ansia supporta l'ipotesi che almeno una parte dell'impatto che ha selank ha è il risultato della prevenzione del degrado dell'enkefalina^[4].

Selank e il sistema immunitario nell'ansia

La ricerca sui pazienti con depressione indica che Selank può sopprimere il gene responsabile della produzione della citochina infiammatoria IL-6. È interessante notare che questo effetto è visto solo nei pazienti con depressione e non sembra aver luogo in individui sani^[5]. This suggests that Selank may be useful in treating people with anxiety-asthenic disorders, severe disorders in which anxiety is associated with fatigue, headache, heart palpitations, high blood pressure, nerve pain, and depression. When comparing Selank to standard anxiolytic treatments, like benzodiazepines, the two treatments show similar benefits in reducing anxiety, but only Selank has any effect on asthenic symptoms like fatigue and pain^[6]. Part of the effect is likely due to Selank’s ability to modulated IL-6 expression while part is likely due to the peptide’s ability to alter the rate of breakdown of the body’s natural pain killers, enkephalins. Testing of Selank in rats has revealed that the peptide regulates the expression of some 34 genes involved in the inflammatory process. These genes affect chemokines, cytokines, and receptors for both. In particular, Selank has been found to alter expression of BcI6, a gene that is heavily involved in the development of the immune system^[7]. This study, more than any other, revealed that Selank has very complex biological effects, but may help to deepen our understanding of how the immune system develops. Selank and even fragments of Selank have been shown to temporarily alter gene expression for C3, CAsp1, Il2rf, and Xcr1 in the mouse spleen. By affecting these genes, Selank is able to alter the balance of the immune system and thereby modulate inflammation^[8].

Selank Research con memoria e apprendimento

There has long been an association between anxiety and learning/memory. The correlation is a negative one, with increased anxiety leading to decreased ability to recall memories or store new information. Traditional anxiety treatments can reduce this effect, as can Selank, but Selank appears to do more than simply reduce the impact of anxiety on cognitive function. There is good reason to believe that Selank actually boosts cognition directly. Research in rats trains with food rewards and injected with either saline or Selank has shown that Selank boosts memory trace stability and thus enhances the memory storage process^[9]. It is important to note that this benefit was seen regardless of the anxiety levels of the rats, indicating that the peptide has effects beyond its ability to simply reduce stress-related impairment of memory. It appears that Selank may alter memory by affecting the expression of a number of genes in the hippocampus. Research in rats shows changes in mRNA levels of 36 different genes after intranasal administration of Selank. Most of the genes encode proteins associated with the plasma membrane and may therefore modulate ion-dependent processes in learning and memory^[10]. Though much research needs to be done to understand the mechanism by which Selank works to improve memory and learning, this research offers a tantalizing early clue to suggest that it alters the way neurons function in such a way that both forming and accessing memories is easier. Research even suggests that Selank can help to rescue memory and learning following damage to the brain. Rats treated with a neurotoxin and then Selank showed restored cognitive processes in at least one study. This effect appears to be related to an artificial inhibition of the catecholamine system in the brain by Selank^[11]. Si spera che Selank aiuti a far luce su come la funzione cognitiva possa essere ripristinata o almeno migliorata dopo lesioni cerebrali traumatiche, in particolare i tipi di lesioni che si verificano durante il processo di nascita.

Selank Research and Pain

Selank può agire per ridurre la degradazione delle enkefaline naturali inibendo gli enzimi, trovati nel sangue umano, che li scompone^[12]. Enkephalins are natural peptides that bind to opioid receptors and help to blunt the severity of pain. They also function in the human stress response and are found in high levels in the brain and adrenal glands. By reducing levels of enkephalins in the brain, Selank may help to blunt the normal stress response and the effects that it has on memory, learning, and concentration. Selank exhibits minimal side effects, low oral and excellent subcutaneous bioavailability in mice. Per kg dosage in mice does not scale to humans. Selank for sale at Peptide Sciences is limited to educational and scientific research only, not for human consumption. Only buy Selank if you are a licensed researcher.

The above literature was researched, edited and organized by Dr. Logan, M.D. Dr. Logan holds a doctorate degree from Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine and a B.S. in molecular biology.

Dr. Petr Slominsky‘s 169 research works with 803 citations. 12 of those papers pertain to the examination of Selank’s diverse, multifaceted effects e.g. anxiety reduction, changes in the transcription profile of the hippocampus, and changes in expression of the genes for chemokines, cytokines, and their receptors. Dr. Slominsky is particularly interested in the epigenetic effects of Selank and other disease-state pathologies. Dr. Petr Slominsky is being referenced as one of the leading scientists involved in the research and development of Selank. In no way is this doctor/scientist endorsing or advocating the purchase, sale, or use of this product for any reason. There is no affiliation or relationship, implied or otherwise, between Peptide Sciences and this doctor. The purpose of citing the doctor is to acknowledge, recognize, and credit the exhaustive research and development efforts conducted by the scientists studying this peptide. Dr. Petr Slominsky is listed in [7] under the referenced citations.

1. A. Volkova et al., "La somministrazione di Selank influisce sull'espressione di alcuni geni coinvolti nella neurotrasmissione GABAergica", Front. Pharmacol., Vol. 7, febbraio 2016. [PubMed]
2. A. Kasian et al., “Peptide Selank Enhances the Effect of Diazepam in Reducing Anxiety in Unpredictable Chronic Mild Stress Conditions in Rats,” Behavioural Neurology, 2017. [Online]. Available: https://www.hindawi.com/journals/bn/2017/5091027/.
3. A. A. Zozulya et al., "L'effetto inibitorio di Selank sugli enzimi degradanti dell'enkefalina come possibile meccanismo della sua attività ansiolitica", Bull. Exp. Biolo. Med., Vol. 131, n. 4, pagg. 315–317, aprile 2001. [PubMed]
4. O. Y. Sokolov, V. K. Meshavkin, N. V. Kost e A. A. Zozulya, "Effetti di Selank sulle reazioni comportamentali e sulle attività degli enzimi plasmatici che degradano l'enkefalina nei topi con diversi fenotipi di reazioni emotive e di stress", toro. Exp. Biolo. Med. [PubMed]
5. O. N. Uchakina et al., "[Effetti immunomodulanti di Selank in pazienti con ansia-ascena disturbi]", ZH. Nevrol. Psikhatr. Io sono. S. S. Korsakova, vol. 108, n. 5, pagg. 71–75, 2008. [PubMed]
6. A. A. Zozulia et al., "[Efficacia e possibili meccanismi di azione di un nuovo selank ansiolitico peptidico nella terapia dei disturbi d'ansia generalizzati e della neurastenia]", ZH. Nevrol. Psikhatr. Io sono. S. S. Korsakova, vol. 108, n. 4, pagg. 38–48, 2008. [PubMed]
7. T. Kolomin, M. Shadrina, L. Andreva, P. Slominsky, S. Limborska e N. Myasoedov, "Espressione del Rammazione infiammazione-Ramma-Rammation-Rammation-Rammation Sleen sotto Tuftssin Analog Selank", Regul. Pept., Vol. 170, n. 1–3, pagg. 10-1 18–23, ottobre 2011. [PubMed]
8. T. I. Agapova et al., "[Effetto del semax sulla dinamica temporanea del fattore neurotrofico derivato dal cervello e dell'espressione genica del fattore di crescita nervosa nell'ippocampo di ratto e nella corteccia frontale]", Mol. Genet. Mikrobiol. Virusol., No. 3, pagg. 28–32, 2008. [PubMed]
9. T. P. SEMENOVA, I. I. Kozlovskiĭ, N. M. Zakharova e M. M. Kozlovskaia, "[Ottimizzazione sperimentale dei processi di apprendimento e memoria da parte di Selank]", EKSP. Klin. Farmakol., Vol. 73, n. 8, pagg. 2–5, agosto 2010. [PubMed]
10. S. I. Aimny è Niash. NLV. Siamo il nostro cuore. Lui è. Y .. che si upina, Vuid. 63, so. 3, pp. 365–374, giugno. 201
11. T. P. SEMENOVA, M. M. Kozlovskaya, N. M. Zakharova, I. I. Kozlovskii e A. V. Zuikov, "Effetto di Selank sui processi cognitivi dopo danni inflitti al sistema cerebrale della catecolamina durante la prima ontogenia", Bull. Exp. Biolo. Med., Vol. 144, n. [PubMed]
12. N. V. Kost et al., "[Semax e Selank inibiscono gli enzimi degradanti dell'enkefalina dal siero umano]]", Bioorg. Khim., Vol. 27, n. 3, pagg. 180–183, giugno 2001. [Springer]

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