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PT-141, also called Bremelanotide (generic clinical name), is a heavily modified synthetic derivative of alpha-melanocyte-stimulating hormone. It has been tested in clinical trials as a treatment for both male/female hypoactive sexual desire disorder and acute hemorrhage. PT-141 is an agonist for the melanocortin-4 and melanocortin-1 receptors. Research shows that it promotes sexual arousal and stimulates the immune system.
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Apa itu PT-141?
PT-141, also called bremelanotide, is sometimes referred to as the female Viagra because the peptide was previously investigated in phase IIb human clinical trials for use in treating female hypoactive sexual desire disorder (HSDD). PT-141 is a melanocortin that binds primarily to melanocortin 4 receptor (MC-4R) and MC-1R. In 2009, PT-141 was also investigated as a treatment for acute hemorrhage. PT-141 is a derivative of another synthetic melanocortin, melanotan 2 (MT-2).
PT-141 adalah peptida unik karena merangsang MC-4R, yang dikenal menghasilkan gairah seksual dalam sistem saraf pusat dan mempengaruhi perilaku seksual[1], [2]. Studi pada tikus telah menunjukkan bahwa pengikatan agonis dengan MC-4R menyebabkan gairah seksual dan peningkatan sanggama pada pria dan wanita[3], [4]. Because PT-141 works via a different mechanism than drugs like Viagra, it is possible to treat sexual arousal disorders in both men and women that stem from causes other than reduced blood flow to the genitals.
A study of men with erectile dysfunction (ED) who did not respond to sildenafil (Viagra) found that roughly one third experienced adequate erection for sexual intercourse with PT-141 (administered via nasal spray). There was also a strong dose-dependent response in the trial, indicating that PT-141 is indeed effective in certain cases[]. Ini menunjukkan bahwa PT-141 dapat menawarkan wawasan untuk mengoreksi pengaturan di mana Sildenafil gagal dan dapat menawarkan wawasan tentang penyebab utama hasrat seksual hipoaktif.
Duration of penile base rigidity greater than 60% for placebo compared to various doses of PT-141.
Source: Alam
Menariknya, PT-141 ditarik dari uji klinis sebelum mencapai persetujuan untuk digunakan pada wanita yang menderita HSDD. Ini terlepas dari tanda -tanda bahwa obat meningkatkan jumlah kejadian seksual yang memuaskan per bulan dan penurunan skor tekanan seksual wanita secara statistik yang signifikan tanpa efek samping yang substansial[6]. Banyak ahli yang mengobati disfungsi seksual wanita (FSD) kecewa menemukan peptida tidak maju meskipun hasil positif. Mereka menunjukkan kurangnya titik akhir yang mapan untuk uji coba FSD dan bias sosial-budaya terhadap kesehatan seksual wanita sebagai penghalang jalan utama yang menghambat persetujuan dari apa yang mereka lihat sebagai terapi yang sangat dibutuhkan[7]. They hope that greater attention will be given to the topic and that the FDA will establish more concrete guidelines for evaluating therapies like PT-141 that can offer benefit. These experts also expressed dismay that the pharmacological treatments were not tested in conjunction with other established means of treating sexual dysfunction as they believe that the combination may prove synergistic and that peptides like PT-141 may be useful for overcoming initial barriers and jump-starting psychological treatment modalities.
In 2017, partly in response to the outcry against the cessation of earlier trials, Phase II Reconnect trials were launched using subcutaneous injections of PT-141 for FSD. The newest version of PT-141, called Rekynda, may soon be available for use in the United States. It would be legal to use PT-141 off-label, at that point, to treat both male and female sexual dysfunction[8]. Uji coba baru ini mengandalkan jenis titik akhir yang dimodifikasi yang oleh para ahli di FSD disebut -sebut sebagai bermanfaat untuk melihat jenis perawatan ini disetujui.
PT-141 dan perdarahan
Pada tahun 2009, PT-141 dimodifikasi sedikit dan diselidiki sebagai pengobatan potensial untuk syok hemoragik. Karena PT-141 berikatan dengan MC-1R dan MC-4R, ia mengurangi iskemia dan melindungi jaringan terhadap suplai darah yang tidak memadai dalam pengaturan guncangan hipovolemik (hemoragik). Obat, ketika diberikan secara intravena, tidak menghasilkan efek samping yang substansial. Itu terakhir dalam uji coba fase IIb. Versi yang dimodifikasi dari PT-141 disebut sebagai PL-6983.
PT-141 dan infeksi
MC-1R telah ditemukan, dalam model tikus infeksi jamur tertentu, untuk memiliki sifat anti-jamur dan anti-inflamasi yang penting[9]. Ini sangat penting karena anti-jamur saat ini terbatas dalam hal mekanisme aksi mereka dan semua menghasilkan efek samping yang serius dan terbatas pengobatan pada pasien tertentu. Memiliki alternatif untuk digunakan dalam pengobatan infeksi jamur dapat mengurangi morbiditas dan mortalitas secara substansial, terutama pada pasien dengan kompromi kekebalan tubuh.
PT-141 dan Kanker
Reseptor MC-1R adalah stimulus penting jalur perbaikan DNA dan dengan demikian menarik dalam pengobatan dan pencegahan kanker[10]. Penelitian menunjukkan bahwa orang-orang dengan varian MC-1R berada pada peningkatan risiko untuk sel basal dan karsinoma sel skuamosa[11]. PT-141 yang diubah mungkin dapat memperbaiki masalah yang dialami sebagai akibat dari varian ini dan mencegah atau mengobati kanker ini.
Arah Penelitian
Right now, PT-141 has received widespread and intense attention as a treatment for sexual dysfunction. There is, however, a great deal of potential research outside of sexual dysfunction and hemorrhage that PT-141 could be applied to. For instance, MC-4R is well-known to be defective or missing in certain cases of obesity and may account for as much as 6% of all cases of early-onset obesity. PT-141 offers a unique means of exploring this particular cause of obesity and potentially illustrating a pathway for intervention. MC-1R plays roles in both pain and inflammation as well as kidney pathology and the spread of infection. There is a plethora of available research that PT-141 could help to shed light on.
PT-141 exhibits minimal side effects, low oral and excellent subcutaneous bioavailability in mice. Per kg dosage in mice does not scale to humans. PT-141 for sale at
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Penulis artikel
The above literature was researched, edited and organized by Dr. Logan, M.D. Dr. Logan holds a doctorate degree from Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine and a B.S. in molecular biology.
Penulis Jurnal Ilmiah
Sheryl A. Kingsberg is the chief of behavioral medicine at University Hospitals Case Medical Center and professor in Reproductive Biology and Psychiatry at Case Western Reserve University. Her areas of clinical specialization include sexual medicine, female sexual disorders, cognitive behavioral psychotherapy, menopause, pregnancy and postpartum mood disorders, psychological aspects of infertility, and psychological and sexual aspects of cancer. Dr. Kingsberg’s primary research interests are in treatments for female sexual disorders and the psychological aspects of infertility and menopause. She led a uji coba pencarian dosis acak dan terkontrol plasebo for PT-141. She has numerous publications in many national and international journals, sits on the editorial board of Menopause and has authored numerous chapters on topics including perimenopause and sexuality, oocyte donation, infertility and aging, the treatment of psychogenic erectile dysfunction and sexuality after cancer. Dr. Kingsberg received her PhD from the University of South Florida in Tampa and completed her fellowship in sexual medicine at University Hospitals Case Medical Center. She is an active member in a number of national and international organizations including the American Psychological Association and the American Society for Reproductive Medicine. She currently sits on the Board of Trustees of The North American Menopause Society, and serves as the current treasurer of the Society for Assisted Reproductive Technologies. Dr. Kingsberg s a past president of The International Society for the Study of Women’s Sexual Health.
Dr. Sheryl A. Kingsberg is being referenced as one of the leading scientists involved in the research and development of PT-141. In no way is this doctor/scientist endorsing or advocating the purchase, sale, or use of this product for any reason. There is no affiliation or relationship, implied or otherwise, between
Guru peptida dan dokter ini. Tujuan dari mengutip dokter adalah untuk mengakui, mengenali, dan menghargai penelitian lengkap dan upaya pengembangan yang dilakukan oleh para ilmuwan yang mempelajari peptida ini. Kingsberg terdaftar di [12] di bawah kutipan yang direferensikan.
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